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Han (cultural) : ウィキペディア英語版 | Han (cultural)
Han or Haan is a concept in Korean culture attributed as a unique Korean cultural trait which has resulted from Korea's frequent exposure to invasions by overwhelming foreign powers. Han denotes a collective feeling of oppression and isolation in the face of insurmountable odds (the overcoming of which is beyond the nation's capabilities on its own). It connotes aspects of lament and unavenged injustice. The ''minjung'' theologian Suh Nam-dong describes ''han'' as a "feeling of unresolved resentment against injustices suffered, a sense of helplessness because of the overwhelming odds against one, a feeling of acute pain in one's guts and bowels, making the whole body writhe and squirm, and an obstinate urge to take revenge and to right the wrong—all these combined." In some occasions, anthropologists have recognized ''han'' as a culture-specific medical condition whose symptoms include dyspnea, heart palpitation, and dizziness. ==Etymology== Han is a Korean pronunciation of a Chinese word ''hen'' (wiktionary:恨). ''Hen'' means "hatred", "dislike", "animosity", "bitterness", "rancor", or "resentment".
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